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Language Disorders
When a child has trouble understanding others (receptive language), or sharing thoughts, ideas, and feelings completely (expressive language), this is also a type of language disorder. Our Speech-language pathologists assess and treat language disorders in children of all ages. Goals are to improve receptive, expressive and pragmatic language skills. Receptive and expressive language skills include but are not limited to vocabulary, word retrieval, auditory processing and language formulation. Pragmatic language skills include but are not limited to the use of greetings/farewells, turn-taking, initiating and maintaining conversation and repairing conversational breakdowns. Treatment also includes family training to facilitate progress and carry-over of skills in the home.
Language is broken down into 2 parts:
Expressive Language – expressing thoughts and ideas through speaking, gesturing, facial expressions and body language.
Receptive Language – understanding thoughts and ideas by listening, responding appropriately and following directions.
Locations
Expressive Language Developmental Milestones
Please note these guidelines were developed by the staff of Braintree Rehabilitations Hospital’s Pediatric Program. Variations in development do occur and do not necessarily indicate a problem. If you have concerns about your child, consult your pediatrician or family doctor.
Between 3-4 years:
- Frequently asks questions and demands detailed responses
- Uses language to express emotion
- Uses up to 6 words in sentences; repeats 6 to 13 syllable sentences correctly
- Identifies objects by name
- Uses nouns and verbs most often
- Expressive vocabulary of 800 to 1,500 or more words
- Appropriately uses is, am, are in sentences
- Uses some contractions, irregular plurals, future tense verbs, and conjunctions
- Consistently uses regular plurals, possessives, and simple past tense verbs
- Grammar is improving, but errors are still present
- Relates two events in chronological order
- Engages in long conversations
- Manipulates adults and peers
Between 4-5 years:
- Counts to 10 by rote; understands concepts of numbers (up to 3 or greater)
- Expressive vocabulary of 900 to 2,000 or more words
- Answers question about function
- Uses grammatically correct sentences; typically 4 to 8 words in length
- Answers complex two part questions
- Asks for word meanings
- Talks about experiences at school, friend’s houses, etc.
- Accurately relays a long story
- Uses some irregular plurals, possessive pronouns, future tense, reflexive pronouns, and comparative morphemes in sentences
Between 5-6 years:
- Names 6 basic colors and 3 basic shapes
- Asks “how” questions
- Uses past tense, future tense, and conjunctions appropriately
- Names opposites
- Sequentially names the days of the week
- Counts to 30 by rote
- Continues to significantly increase expressive vocabulary
- Sentences are typically between 4 and 6 words
- Exchanges information and asks questions
- Accurately relays a story and uses sentences with details
- Sings entire songs and relates nursery rhymes
- Communicates easily with adults and other children
- Mostly uses appropriate grammar
Receptive Language Developmental Milestones
Please note these guidelines were developed by the staff of Braintree Rehabilitations Hospital’s Pediatric Program. Variations in development do occur and do not necessarily indicate a problem. If you have concerns about your child, consult your pediatrician or family doctor.
Between 3-4 years:
- Understands object functions
- Understands differences in meaning (ex: stop/go, big/little, etc.)
- Follow 2 and 3 step commands
- Asks and answers simple “wh” questions
- Receptive vocabulary of 1,200 to 2,000 or more words
Between 4-5 years:
- Increasing development of understanding of variety of linguistic and descriptive concepts (spatial, colors, etc.)
- Receptive vocabulary of 2,800 or more words
- Listens to short simple stories
- Enjoys rhymes, rhythms, and nonsense syllables
- Pays attention to a simple story and answers simple questions about it
Between 5-6 years:
- Follows instructions given to a group
- Follows 3 part directions
- Receptive vocabulary of 13,000 words or more
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